Inclusion in Schools is Extremely Beneficial Essay

Inclusion in schools is extremely beneficial to exceptional students in that it helps to develop successful social skills. Although exceptional students are without a doubt different, the process of inclusion can give students feelings of self worth and allows them to feel included in the education process. Thanks to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, a free and appropriate public education is mandated for students with disabilities (Peter, 1994). Disabled students must be placed in the least restrictive environment. This environment must be closest to or in the general classroom. Here the student’s individual needs must be met through the students†¦show more content†¦The fact that teaching and including exceptional students is a challenge comes as no surprise (Fine, 2000). In a study by Hines (2001), 120 teachers from six schools were surveyed and it was found that their largest concern was ensuring that all students have an opportunity to learn. Inclusion is linked with attitudes of individuals with and without disabilities. It is seen as a relationship that requires the effort of everyone involved. The Position Statement on inclusion posted by the government is as follows: 1. All students, including those with disabilities, should start in regular education. It then becomes the school’s responsibility to justify why a particular student should be removed from regular education. 2. Most unique learning and physical needs can be met within regular education. 3. Many students with disabilities need support services to be successful in regular education. Exact support should be written in the IEP. 4. Many regular education teachers need support, and every effort should be made to provide supports like team teaching with a resource or other specialist, formal training, and regular consultation. 5. Regular education might not be appropriate placement. If this seems to be the case, the nature and amount of support the st udent and teacher are receiving should be reviewed and modified. 6. If regular education placementShow MoreRelated Research Paper958 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Paper Inclusion is a type of teaching that is being researched by many school districts across the country. It is the act of combining special education students in a regular classroom environment. Inclusion is a very controversial topic when it comes to the education of children, both regular and special education students. There are many beliefs in the welfare of all students and their ability to learn and function together. This belief has put a damper on school districts adoptingRead MoreClassroom Inclusion, but Is It Really Working? Essay examples779 Words   |  4 Pages Inclusion of students with special needs in the classroom has been implemented around the world since the nineties. Although no longer a hotly debated issue, the question still remains; is inclusion really working or should we still be concerned? A successful transition into the classroom provides social and educational benefits and sometimes challenges in regards to time, supports and behaviors. Teachers, classmates and the special needs students themselves can bring significant insightRead MoreFull Inclusion in Classrooms1379 Words   |  6 PagesFull Inclusion in the Classroom Each child is unique and learns in different ways; however, most schools still have a tendency to cling to the one-size-fits-all education philosophy. It is often overviewed when catering to a classroom that each child has specific needs, and that a small group of children within the class may also need further attention. Disability isn’t always visible nor is it always what we think it is. A child may have an undiagnosed hearing or vision problem, he or she mayRead MoreEssay on Inclusion1190 Words   |  5 Pages Inclusion in Class nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Inclusion â€Å"mainstreams† physically, mentally, and multiply disabled children into regular classrooms. Back in the sixties and the seventies, disabled children were excluded all together from regular classrooms. Currently, the federal inclusion law, I.D.E.A. (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act), addresses children whose handicaps range from autistic and very severe to mild (I.D.E.A. Law Page). From state to state the laws of inclusion varyRead MoreInclusion Of Students With Disabilities1252 Words   |  6 PagesI am extremely in favor of inclusion of students with disabilities. Inclusion can be defined as an option in which the education of a child is taken into consideration. For example, it involves the students with disabilities pursuing most or all of their education within an ordinary school setting with their other classmates that do not have disabilities. Inclusion has many objectives, but the most important objective of inclusi on would definitely have to be in that it is a program that supportsRead MorePromoting Inclusion, Social Connections, And Learning Through Peer Support Arrangements926 Words   |  4 PagesWithin the article Promoting Inclusion, Social Connections, And Learning Through Peer Support Arrangements, Carter et al. (2015) speak about why inclusion is important, as well as ways to help benefit students with disabilities in inclusion classrooms. They discuss the jobs of paraprofessionals and also how peer support can go a long way in helping students, especially those with severe disabilities. By focusing on both academic and social skills, this plan will help students with disabilitiesRead MoreLecturer Peter Senge Once Stated, â€Å"Knowledge Is Constructed,1302 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome frustrated if they cannot solve the problem the way the teacher described and often give up entirely. The success of inclusion is greatly reduced in an essentialism classroom. Students are often taugh t, â€Å"It is very important [to] move at the same pace and produce the same products as [their] peers† (Marlowe Page, 2005, p. 64). Essentialism is proven to be extremely ineffective; instead teachers should embrace constructivism. Constructivism states that â€Å"learners construct understandingRead MoreGoal Statement878 Words   |  4 PagesGoldie Christine Hieneman Instructor, Adult Learning Center Masters of Science in Education Goal Statement My goal as an educator is to receive a Master of Science in Education with a Concentration in Inclusion Education. Even though I do not hold an undergraduate degree in Education, this is where my life path has taken me. Being an educator without an education degree has taught me how to help students learn by thinking outside the box. I currently have a Bachelor of Science in OrganizationalRead MoreContemporary Issue Policy Assessment On After School Programs Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pages Contemporary Issue Policy assessment on After-School Programs In this paper, I assess a proposal to implement after-school programs in low-income and/or high-migration communities across Canada for the Canadian federal government. Increasingly, we have been hearing, in the popular press especially, about the issue of after-school programs and its positive impact on children from low-income and migrant families. Purported positive impacts that could be gained from these programs such as closingRead MoreImplementing After School Programs For The Canadian Federal Government Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesassess a proposal to implement after-school programs in low-income and/or high-migration communities across Canada for the Canadian federal government. Increasingly, we have been hearing, in the popular press especially, about the issue of after-school programs and its positive impact on children from low-income and migrant families. Research has shown that there are positive effects that could be gained from these programs such as increased soci al inclusion, reduction in the inequality gap between

Order and Chaos - 2780 Words

Order and chaos are related to and dependent on each other. The clear cut distinction between them is man made and an illusion. Society uses order to regulate all aspects of the world from nature to personal lives, while chaos allows for open mindedness and also provides an explanation for certain aspects of the world. This can be seen in science, theology, music, language, and imaginative play. Science is rational, logical, and orderly. It has the ability to break apart complex systems into simpler ones described by theories ad equations. This is seen in the description of the planets orbits, evolution, and Newtons laws. Scientists have a thirst for knowledge and seek understanding about the world around them. Their methods†¦show more content†¦Anthropology, fossils, and other material evidence provide proof of evolution by similarities between organisms of the past and present ,including the controversial belief that humans evolved from apes. All these discov eries discredit the belief that humans were created to posses dominion over the world, and all that was created has existed from the beginning. The five percent of fundamentalists that are radical and use violence and other unusual means to support their views have made fundamentalism seem extreme and crazy. They discriminate against other Christians, who do not have their same views, and deem them not real Christians. They are also completely intolerant of other religions, offering no salvation outside their faith. Throughout the ages these two groups have clashed as seen in the trial of Galileo. The common denominator in Galileos trial ,and other controversies between the ideologies is each groups stubbornness and intolerance of other views. One view can not exist without the other ,and they are both impractical and incomplete. The joining of the two is essential for a human being and the world as a whole. This point is clearly illustrated in the Library of Babel where all w as known ,yet chaos was rampant because no faith could exist. Music can sometimes sound random, chaotic, and spontaneous but all music has a certain structure and fundamentalShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Chaos And Order In Beowulf834 Words   |  4 PagesChaos and Order in Beowulf The Epic of Beowulf is about many things, one could say. It involves changes of power, darkness and light, overcoming challenges, temptation and destruction, war, et cetera, et cetera. These themes, and many more, make up what are known as major and minor themes. Both are of equal importance to a story in its entirety; the difference being that major themes address the writer’s most significant ideas, while minor themes refer to an idea that appears only momentarily. ForRead MoreChaos and Order in Twelfth Night2766 Words   |  12 Pagesthe Epiphany on January 6 retained a Saturnalian flavour for many centuries. Even superficially, it is quite clear that Twelfth Night echoes this religious and cultural compromise by highlighting notions of order and chaos: the order of accepted religious and social morals, and the chaos of pagan Saturnalian licence. It is certainly possible from Leslie Hotson’s extensive research that the play was indeed performed on this date, but I suggest that the title has more to do with the atmosphere surroundingRead MoreOrder Versus Chaos in Lord of the Flies1198 Words   |  5 PagesPiggy† (Golding 225). In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, he uses the theme of order versus chaos to show that good has the capacity to become evil. It starts with the boys’ beginnings on the island, to the breakdown of their society, to the tragedies that unfold their civilization. The boys are victims of a de teriorating civilization that turns them into ruthless and more animalistic characters without any law, order or control. The boys’ beginning on the island starts with a very positive andRead MoreOrder vs. Chaos in Greek Mythology1516 Words   |  7 PagesOrder vs. Chaos Respected Storm God’s in ancient mythological literary works such as the Enuma Elish, The Baal Cycle, and both versions of the Illuyanka Myth play an important role in associating cultural beliefs with the defeat of chaos. These three works show a variety of ways in which the Storm God defeats dragon-like monsters and how the gods bestow their trust in the Storm God to maintain order, as the Storm God is the protector of all creation. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrastRead MoreThe Epic of Beowulf: Order Overpowers Chaos986 Words   |  4 PagesOrder Overpowers Chaos In the epic poem Beowulf, the warrior hero Beowulf chooses to confront the tyrannical monster Grendel in his own domain, the hijacked mead hall of Heorot. A battle of brute strength ensues, in which Grendel, unable to escape his opponent’s awesome armgrip, rips away from his own arm and flees, dying soon after from bloodloss. Beowulf’s victory, though relatively early in the story, is a pivotal moment that signifies the defeat of discord and the return of civilization. DueRead MoreThe Circle Of Order And Chaos In Shakespeares Hamlet1894 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout time there has been a circle of order and chaos. When you look at the history of the United States you can see how we started with order in the colonies, then went into disorder with the revolutionary war to order again following the end of the war. In Hamlet this circle of order and chaos can be found throughout the play. Almost every character had some type of role in adding to the chaos but following t hat chaos there was a time of order that each character in someway contributed toRead MoreFinding Balance Between Chaos and Order in Woolfs To The Lighthouse2527 Words   |  11 Pageswar between order and chaos, emotions and thoughts, follows humanity mercilessly. These opposing concepts also take form in ideas such the thesis and the antitheses- that with every idea or concept, sooner or later an opposing force or contradicting theory will rise and ultimately challenge and change the previous state of society, individual or even in the natural world. The war that rages between order and chaos easily applies to this philosophical notion. Both states, chaos and order, seem to andRead MoreEssay about Order and Chaos in Gun Crazy and Bonnie and Clyde636 Words   |  3 Pagesstrict order that people must follow, but the moment a person does something that is not part of societies order it creates chaos. Despite common misconceptions, ‘order’ does not necessarily equate w ith ‘good’, nor does ‘chaos’ equate with evil. Order in film is associated with rules, traditions, and, if stretched to extremes, fascism and mindless obedience. Chaos, on the other hand, is associated with change, individualism and, if stretched to extremes, savagery and self-indulgence. The chaos is shownRead MoreWhat Do The Myths Show About The Idea Of Order Vs. Chaos Essay973 Words   |  4 PagesTopic 1: What do the myths show about the idea of order vs. chaos and/or good vs. evil and what does that say/show about each culture? Persian and Hinduism myths paints both these ancient cultures as having an opposing negative supremacy that is eventually defeated with time, patience, and worship. George Santayana is a mastermind who scripted a website document named â€Å"Ancient Myth, Religion, and Philosophy†. Santayana describes Zoroastrianism as a view of time and reality in a battle that willRead MoreOrder and Chaos are Natural Events in Eamon Grennan’s Poem, One Mornin944 Words   |  4 PagesOrder and chaos are two events that inhabit the world that surrounds us. Natural events, such as gravity, create order where our world has laws and principles. One the other hand, war, fighting, and disasters make up the chaotic aspect of our world. How both are found in this world we live in, the same two ideas of order and chaos, are found in Eamon Grennan’s â€Å"One Morning.† In this poem, the speaker is talks about his experiences in one significant morning. The poem introduces a beach environment

Macromedia Essay Example For Students

Macromedia Essay MACROMEDIAElectronic End-User Software License AgreementTHIS AGREEMENT IS A LEGAL DOCUMENT. READ IT CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS AND USING THE SOFTWARE. IT PROVIDES A LICENSE TO USE THE SOFTWARE AND CONTAINS WARRANTY INFORMATION AND LIABILITY DISCLAIMERS. BY INSTALLING AND USING THE SOFTWARE, YOU ARE CONFIRMING ACCEPTANCE OF THE SOFTWARE AND AGREEING TO BECOME BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT. IF YOU DO NOT WISH TO DO SO, DO NOT COMPLETE THE INSTALLATION PROCESS. PROMPTLY RETURN THE ENTIRE PACKAGE TO THE PLACE WHERE YOU OBTAINED IT, FOR A FULL REFUND. 1. Definitions(a) Authoring Product means Software, such as Macromedias Authorware? and Director? products, which generate End-User Products. (b) Educational Version means a version of the Software, so identified, for use by students and faculty of educational institutions, only. End-User Products of Educational Versions may not be used for, nor shall they be distributed to any party for, any commercial purpose. (c) End-User Product means an output file generated by you using Macromedias Authoring products, which contains the Macromedia Run-Time. Examples of End-User Products include animations, courseware, presentations, demonstration files, interactive multimedia material, interactive entertainment products and the like. (d) Not For Resale (NFR) Version means a version of the Macromedia Product, so identified, to be used for review and evaluation purposes, only. (e) Macromedia means Macromedia, Inc. and its licensors, if any. (f) Macromedia Run-Time means a portion of the Software required in order for the End-User Product to operate on hardware on which the Software itself is not resident. (g) Software means the programs supplied by Macromedia herewith, and any and all updates thereto. 2. LicenseThis Agreement allows you to:(a) Install and use the Software on a single computer and make one copy of the Software in machine-readable form solely for backup purposes. You must reproduce on any such copy all copyright notices and any other proprietary legends on the original copy of the Software. (b) Install the Software on a storage device, such as a network server, and run the Software on an internal network, provided the number of concurrent users does not exceed the number of copies of the Software purchased. A copy of the Software must be purchased for each such user. (c) If you have purchased a multi-pack license for the Software product, such as a Ten-Pack license, or a license to make multiple installations of the Software, you may concurrently use the number of copies of the Software authorized by that purchase. (d) Make copies of the End-User Product, and the associated Macromedia Run-Time, and distribute those copies for use solely by yourself or personnel employed by you, or by another party, solely for its own internal purposes. 3. Run-Time Distribution Agreement(a) You must enter into a Macromedia Run-Time Distribution Agreement if you wish to copy and distribute an End-User Product, and its associated Macromedia Run-Time, other than as set forth in Section 2(d). Please contact Macromedia for details. (You may telephone 800-449-3329 in the USA or see Macromedias Web page: www.macromedia.com.)(b) End-User Products of Educational and Not For Resale (NFR) Versions may not be distributed for commercial purposes. 4. License RestrictionsOther than as set forth in Section 2, you may not make or distribute copies of the Software, or electronically transfer the Software from one computer to another or over a network. You may not decompile, reverse engineer, disassemble, or otherwise reduce the Software to a human-perceivable form. You may not rent, lease or sublicense the Software. You may not modify the Software or create derivative works based upon the Software. You may not export the Software into any country prohibited by the United States Export Administration Act and the regulations thereunder. .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .postImageUrl , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:hover , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:visited , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:active { border:0!important; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:active , .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38 .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud2011ff5c83eb98c10efc0e9903aee38:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Grand About Reconstruction Essay5. UpgradesIf this copy of the Software is an upgrade from an earlier version of the Software, it is provided to you on a license exchange basis. You agree by your installation and use of this copy of the Software to voluntarily terminate your earlier end-user license and that you will not continue to use the earlier version of the Software nor transfer it to another. 6. OwnershipThe foregoing license gives you limited rights to use the Software. Although you own the media on which the Software is recorded, you do not become the owner of, and Macromedia retains title to, the Software, the Macromedia Run-Times, and all copies thereof. All rights not specifically granted in this Agreement, including Federal and International Copyrights, are reserved by Macromedia. 7. Limited Warranties(a) Macromedia warrants that, for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of delivery (as evidenced by a copy of your receipt): (i) when used with a recommended hardware configuration, the Software will perform in substantial conformance with the documentation supplied with the Software; and (ii) that the media on which the Software is furnished will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY, MACROMEDIA DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IF APPLICABLE LAW IMPLIES ANY WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE, ALL SUCH WARRANTIES ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO NINETY (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF DELIVERY. No oral or written information or advice given by Macromedia, its dealers, distributors, agents or employees shall create a warranty or in any way increase the scope of this warranty. (b) (USA only) SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO THE ABOVE EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER LEGAL RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. 8. Exclusive RemedyYour exclusive remedy under Section 7 is to return the Software to the place you acquired it, with a copy of your receipt and a description of the problem. Macromedia will use reasonable commercial efforts to supply you with a replacement copy of the Software that substantially conforms to the documentation, provide a replacement for defective media, or refund to you your purchase price for the Software, at its option. Macromedia shall have no responsibility if the Software has been altered in any way, if the media has been damaged by accident, abuse or misapplication, or if the failure arises out of use of the Software with other than a recommended hardware configuration. 9. Limitations of Damages(a) MACROMEDIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED ON BREACH OF CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF MACROMEDIA OR ITS REPRESENTATIVES HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES AND EVEN IF A REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN IS FOUND TO HAVE FAILED OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. (b) MACROMEDIAS TOTAL LIABILITY TO YOU FOR ACTUAL DAMAGES FOR ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER WILL BE LIMITED TO THE GREATER OF $500 U.S. OR THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE SOFTWARE THAT CAUSED SUCH DAMAGE. (c) (USA only) SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL OF CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. (d) To the extent provided by applicable law, the foregoing limitations of damages do not apply to damages for personal injury to you, if any. .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .postImageUrl , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:hover , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:visited , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:active { border:0!important; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:active , .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65 .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua28881fdf5be0812a4b4c627954b7e65:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Truman Show Essay10. Basis of BargainThe limited warranty, exclusive remedies and limited liability set forth above are fundamental elements of the basis of the agreement between Macromedia and you. Macromedia would not be able to provide the Software on an economic basis without such limitations. 11. (USA only) Government End Users RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGENDThis software is Restricted Computer Software. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in this Agreement and as provided in DFARS 227.7202-1(a) and 227.7202-3(a) (1995), DFARS 252.227-7013 (OCT 1988), FAR 12.212(a)(1995), FAR 52.227-19, or FAR 52.227-14, as applicable. Manufacturer: Macromedia, Inc., 600 Townsend, San Francisco, CA 94103. 12. (Outside of the USA only) Consumer End UsersThe limitations or exclusions of warranties and liability contained in this agreement do not affect or prejudice the statutory rights of a consumer; i.e., a person acquiring goods otherwise than in the course of a business. 13. GeneralThis Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of California, USA. This Agreement contains the complete agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements or understandings, whether oral or written. All questions concerning this Agreement shall be directed to: Macromedia, Inc., 600 Townsend, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA, Attention: Chief Financial Officer. Macromedia, Authorware and Director are trademarks of Macromedia, Inc., registered in the USA and other countries. Computers and Internet

Women Rights in The Middle East an Example by

Women Rights in The Middle East Gender refers to socially constructed roles and learned behaviors and expectations associated with females and males. Mostly, when people talk about gender, they concentrate much on gender inequality- women and girls having fewer opportunities in life simply because they are female. However, the word gender also refers to men and boys who are equally defined by the rights and roles assigned to them. Giving equal rights to women and girls should not mean denying men the same. In the Middle East, there is no gender equality, but the phenomena of sexism and misogyny are global and not only peculiar to Islam or the Middle East. The status of women in the Middle Need essay sample on "Women Rights in The Middle East" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed East varies greatly, and the norms of one region should not be projected to the larger Muslim world. Many of the reasons for inferior status of women in the Middle East are native but also the west has exacerbated this oppression. The Middle East is predominantly an Islamic region; therefore the Islamic laws are dominant and are executed thoroughly (AbuKhalil, Para 1). The position of a woman in the Islamic role It is widely accepted that Islam views women as subordinate to men. According to the law in use today in most of the Middle East countries, women do not have equal rights with men but they have equal responsibilities in monetary terms. The westerns have a stereotype depiction that women in the Middle East are weak, passive and always veiled. In Saudi Arabia, for example, women are not allowed to drive cars though this may not be generalized for the whole of the Middle East and the Islamic countries. It is said that the versions of Islamism and sexism in Saudi Arabia are very different from other Middle East countries. It also seems to be taking roots in Afghanistan. It is unfortunate that women in Saudi Arabia must be accompanied by a male relative in public and also dresses all-covering abayas. Students Usually Tell EssayLab professionals: How much do I have to pay someone to make my assignment now? Specialists propose: Winning Academic Essay Writing Delivered On Time Paper Writing Service Cheap Custom Writing Service Best Essay Writing Service Essay Writer Cheap Problems in the Middle East have remained acute; the religious leaders in this society have provided the people with the most exclusivist and conservative interpretations of religious laws. These laws have burdened the women in their families, state and also in the society. The top positions according to strict Islamic laws are denied to women by dubious Hadith. The political representation of women in parliaments in the Middle East lags behind all other nations of the world while Kuwait is yet to give women a right to vote. In Saudi Arabia more precisely, women are not allowed to vote and just the other day they were allowed to have an identification card. It has also been noted that, in the Middle East, women have limited chances to education and employment. Currently, there are changes that are going on due to the more and more women graduating from the universities but the representation is still low in the workforce (Kamguian, Para 2). Although mostly religion is blamed for the inferior status of women, it cannot be solely blamed for the gender inequality in the Middle East. In reality, the role of culture has been more prominent in activating the oppression of women. Female genital mutilation, as an example, has been a culture that has afflicted women in several cultures in history. They also have adored polygamy which has been a risk to the health of most women. This has been practiced and still been practiced in the conservative Islamic nations. Conversely, inequality between men and women tend to be largest among the poor, this call for gender development. In the Indian villages, men spend the big portion of their income for personals like drinking, smoking, and gambling while women devote all their income to family needs (Grimier, Para 4). Contrary to the conservative Islamic nations, the liberal Islamic nations allow women to drive and have been accorded some freedom. In Egypt, Pakistan and Bangladesh have been led by women. In Israel, a woman (Golda Meir) once headed the government, though the political elite has been male-dominated since the creation of the state. In these liberal Islamic nations, women have entered the workforce and even started their businesses. The restrictions women face are significantly reducing hence good improvement for them. Women are allowed to join the army and have a say in choosing their careers. They can also work alongside men and even join the male-dominated fields like engineering. For example, Fatima runs her own company which designs the interiors of offices, hotels, apartments, restaurants and retail outlets in Dubai. They are also entering the entertainment business, a difficult choice in the Islamic society (Grimier, Para 5). In these nations, women have been well supported by their male counterparts and indeed polygamy has been abolished. Women in these nations live long and healthy due to the availability of basic needs without struggle and also honor and respect. Cost of gender inequality to the economy Gender inequality is usually approached from a social, anthropological or political angle. This is a great mistake because the costs of inequality are yielded at the economic level. Women indeed have a lot of economic potential and contribution that is vital for regional development. In the Middle East female education, life expectancy, per capita income is very well indicated and also fertility. There is much of this that can be seen in the societies in the The Middle East in these areas named above. Where women have been denied quality opportunities is in economic participation and political participation. Gender inequality holds back a countries economic performance. This acts as a barrier that decreases a countrys open competition and consequently the ability of a country to draw the best talents and therefore undermining the economic growth and productivity. Women in the Middle East remain an untapped resource. They make 49 percent of the population but a very small percent in the labor force. High unemployment, low female labor force and high proportions of people too young and too old to work all make the economic dependency ratio of Middle East the highest in the world. In the liberal Islamic nations where women have been allowed to participate in businesses and workforce, the economies of those nations have been well improved. The numbers of businesses owned by women have increased over the years. In the United Arab Emirates, the women businesses have grown 1.7 times better than those owned by men. One of the most major trading sites in the Middle East is run by a woman. This is a huge step for women. This is an indication that if women are to be allowed to venture into the workforce and businesses they are a likelihood of improvement in the economy (Grimier, Para 4-7). Conclusion If the women in the Middle East are given opportunities, the poverty levels in these nations would rapidly reduce. The few who have been given the chances have been of great benefit to the Middle East nations. The Middle East would probably not be termed as the poorest region on the world. It is the high time that the Islamic nation should accord women their full rights for they have proved an essential part of the nations economic growth. Work Cited: AbuKhalil, A., Women in the Middle East, (2000). Grimier, B., Working Women in the Middle East A look into career women in the Middle East, (2006). Jones, C., The Status of Woman in Islamic Law, (1998). Kamguian A., The Liberation of Women in the Middle East, (2003).

How Many Pounds in a Ton A Fascinating Story

How Many Pounds in a Ton A Fascinating Story SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The most basic answer to the question of how many pounds in a ton? There are 2000 pounds in a ton. Still feel confused? You're not alone. But why is the ton a measurement that no one ever quite understands or remembers? This conversion is endlessly confusing because a ton can refer to different forms of measurement. In this article, I’ll explain exactly what a ton is, what it measures, and how to convert tons to pounds. I'll go into the differences between a ton, a metric ton, and several other kinds of tons. And finally, I'll give you a brief history of this often mixed up and misused unit of measurement. The Basics: What’s a Ton? How Do You Convert Tons to Pounds? First things first: here are the most basic facts you should know about tons. If you live in the US, then when you encounter a reference to a ton, you're looking at a measurement of mass. The conversions for tons to pounds and pounds to tons are below: 1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 pound = 1/2000 of a ton But what if you dig a little deeper into this unit? Let’s check out some other kinds of tons around the world. What’s the Difference Between a Short Ton, a Long Ton, and a Tonne (Metric Ton)? One of the reasons the ton is such a confounding measurement is that there are actually three different kinds of tons in use around the world. Short Ton The United States has never adopted the metric system for measuring things. Instead, our country uses a system called customary units. To measure mass, this system uses pounds and ounces as well as the tons I described in the previous section. The US ton is called a short ton. 1 short ton is 2000 pounds. Long Ton The United Kingdom uses a mix of the metric system and the older Imperial system for its measurements. This means that they measure mass sometimes in kilograms and other times in units called stones. The ton that is used in Imperial measures is a little heavier than the US one, so the UK ton is called a long ton. 1 long ton is 2240 pounds. Tonne (or Metric Ton) Most other countries have by this point fully adopted the metric system, and use grams and kilograms to measure mass. The metric ton is never officially called a metric ton, and is instead called a tonne (pronounced just like the word â€Å"ton†). 1 tonne is 1000 kilograms, or 2,204.6 pounds. Short Ton, Long Ton, and Tonne Conversions 1 short ton = 0.89 long tons = .9 tonnes = 2000 pounds = 907 kilograms 1 long ton = 1.12 short tons = 1.01 tonnes = 2240 pounds = 1016 kilograms 1 tonne = 0.98 long tons = 1.1 short tons = 2204 pounds = 1000 kilograms So, in order from lightest to heaviest, it goes: 1 short ton 1 metric ton 1 long ton. Tons are like nesting dolls- each a slightly larger version of the next. Why Are There So Many Different Tons? The word "ton" originally comes from a measurement of volume called a â€Å"tun†- basically a very big wine-making cask. And you're right- this does, in fact, mean that originally a ton was a measurement of volume rather than mass! Eventually, it was determined that a tun could hold about 2000 pounds worth of wine, and the term "ton" evolved to describe this weight. The short ton and long ton measurements diverged when this wine-making measurement was standardized. In the US and the UK, the ton was defined as 20 hundredweights (another unit of mass). But, while in the US 1 hundredweight = 100 pounds, in the UK 1 hundredweight = 8 stones. Since 1 stone = 14 pounds, the UK hundredweight = 2 pounds. The US took the road less traveled- and that has made all the difference. At least as far as short tons are concerned. What Other Kinds of Tons Are There? In addition to the three types of tons above, there are many other sorts of tons that are used to describe a wide range of measurements. These less common tons are generally quite specialized, meaning you're unlikely to encounter them in your day to day life. Still, the diversity of usage certainly helps explain why the word ton is frequently so confusing. As we go through the other kinds of tons, notice how sometimes the ton is used to measure mass, sometimes to measure volume, and sometimes it's not a measurement at all- but instead a standard quantity! Tons in the Ocean At sea, tons typically have to do with measuring ships- and in this context, tons are generally a way to express volume rather than mass. Deadweight Ton. A volume measurement of a ship's carrying capacity, including cargo, ballast, crew, and supplies. It is expressed in tonnes or long tons. Register Ton (or Tonnage). A volume measurement of a ship’s cargo capacity. Tonnage isn’t the same thing as the weight of a ship (called â€Å"displacement†). Ton Class. A volume measurement that categorizes types of yachts based on the capacity of the hold. Displacement Ton. A measurement of the weight of a ship. It’s called â€Å"displacement† because you calculate it by measuring the volume of water that a ship displaces, and then converting this volume into weight. Tons in the Ground One of the uses of "ton" as a standard amount rather than a measurement happens with ore. Check out the "assay ton" to see that a ton can sometimes mean a very small amount of something! Dry Ton (or Tonne). A measurement of mass used for material that’s usually wet but has been dried for transportation (think sludge, slurry, or compost, for example). Assay Ton. This is not a unit of measurement, but is always either 29 1⠁„6 grams (short assay ton) or 32 2⠁„3 grams (long assay ton)- much lighter than a pound! This amount is the standard quantity of ore necessary for testing the ores of precious metals. Tons of Energy Here, the ton is so removed from its original meaning that it's used to measure energy output in the same way that units like the joule or the calorie do. Ton of TNT. This kind of ton is not a measurement of volume or mass, but instead, a specific amount of energy- 109 calories (about 4.184 gigajoules)- generally used to describe nuclear weapons or earthquakes. This energy unit hasn't had anything to do with the actual chemical TNT for a long time. Tonne of Oil Equivalent. Another standard energy value, based on the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of crude oil. The very similar "tonne of coal equivalent" is the amount of energy released by burning one tonne of coal. Tons of Cold Ton of Refrigeration. This is a measure of heat absorption used for refrigeration and air conditioning, and comes from the days when cooling was accomplished only through ice. 1 unit ton of mechanical refrigeration is the capacity to meet the consumption of 1 ton of ice in 1 day. That's a good-looking ton of ship. So, Really, How Many Pounds in a Ton? All you really have to know is that in the US, a ton measures mass and is the same as 2000 pounds. It helps to have a general sense that the US short ton, the UK long ton, and the metric ton are slight variations on the same measurement. To be a ton superstar, you should remember that the ton started as a measurement of volume and is still used that way about ships.

Study of Video Clips essays

Study of Video Clips essays Nowa days, the adolescent culture is strongly represented through the use of video clips. One singer in particular, Madonna, can be seen as a cultural symbol. She reflects females rights, rebellion and sexuality. This can strongly be seen in the video clip Like A Prayer. Also in the clip cultural and religious issues are strongly challenged. Through out the clip, it conforms that women are the weaker sex. This is shown through a variety of symbols. Madonna mainly influences the older adolescents. The new girl on the scene Sophie Ellis Bextors Clip Get Over You strongly represents the female adolescent culture. There are lots of symbols throughout the clip representing the female culture. It also comes across as the females being the weaker sex even though they dominated the video clip. To most adolescent females, Madonna can strongly be seen as a symbol of power. This strongly comes through in the clip Like a prayer where she challenges Christianity. In the video clip there are many startling images of several burning crosses on a lawn or a hill. These crosses were in the background, while Madonna was facing the camera and singing. This strongly challenges religion and is showing her rebellion. The crossed burning made me think that shes a very out spoken women who has a lot of nerve. The cross is the symbol of Christianity. Seeing the cross engulfed in fire, which symbolizes a destructive force, is very disturbing for anyone to see, even if they are not Christian. Because of Madonnas power over the adolescent culture, I hope that Christians who view the clip do not see this as the right thing to do. Throughout the clip cultural issues are conformed by seeing the abuse of the black man. Madonna also challenges some of the issues presented to the viewer. In one scene it shows a group of white men beating up a white women. When the men run away the black man goes to help he ...

Developing a Multi-Skilled, Customer-Focused People Management Essay

Developing a Multi-Skilled, Customer-Focused People Management Approach in the Middle East through Reducing Dependence on Foreign Workers - Essay Example The paper tells that not like the trends of development elsewhere, the transition of the economy of the Middle East or the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has been largely driven by the trading in of expatriate foreign employees. This pattern will not cease for the near future, although at a slower rate, but the involvement of foreign employees in the course of transforming political and economic institutions will demand, inevitably, multi-skilled and customer-oriented people management techniques. Large corporations and government bodies in the Middle East, as well as international agencies, are vaguely informed of such regional trends, but the implications of such developments for human resource management (HRM) is not widely recognized or understood. By conducting an appropriate evaluation of the factors and patterns influencing development, this paper tries to contribute to the knowledge required by large corporations in the Middle East to create a more systematic, multi-skilled, and customer-oriented workforce management approach. Changing economic progress and lessening reliance on foreign employees are the key tasks confronting the Middle East. Not like elsewhere, the Middle East has too little literature on HRM. A detailed review of available literature reveals the lack of any methodical assessment that might give a broad image of the HRM mechanisms in the Middle East. In fact, there is hardly any trustworthy country-specific research that has surfaced with the economic progress of a specific Middle Eastern country. For instance, management and HRM approaches in Saudi Arabia, people management in Turkey, organizational and HRD success in Israel, international business and management problems in Jordan, and workforce management in the GCC (Peterson 1993). Moreover, the available literature emphasizes several studies associated with development and training in the Middle East. Ali (1996 as cited in Budhwar & Mellahi 2006), for instance, focuses on the inad equacy of attempts exerted by professionals to make sense of Arab management approaches and their effect on the success of organizational development programs and cross-cultural cooperation in the region. Likewise, a number of researchers talk about the success of management training and its effect on managerial competency in various Middle Eastern societies (Scullion & Collings 2010). As stated by Briscoe and Schuler (2004), several academics have stressed the need for and processes of multi-focused, customer-oriented workforce management approaches in the Arab world. A large portion of related literature on the Middle East is about the effect of Arab values and culture on management dynamics (Budhwar & Debrah 2001). Likewise, Kabasakal and Bodur (2002 as cited in Budhwar & Mellahi 2006), based on socio-cultural comparisons, classified an Arabic group, composed of Qatar, Kuwait, Turkey, Morocco, and Egypt. Countries in this group are emphasized to be very masculine, structural/hier archical, group-driven, and weak on future direction. In contrast, Ali (1995 as cited in Budhwar & Mellahi 2006) argues that multi-focused, customer-oriented organizations and management approaches in the Middle East can merely be built by taking proper account of the Arab context. He further argues that the foreign aspect is partly not favorable to the creation of multi-focused, customer-oriented management approaches in the oil rich Gulf States. Researchers have also explored the subject of management flow from the Western countries to the Arab world. Yavas (1998 as cited in Aswathappa & Dash 2007), for instance, studied the subjective value given to a cluster of management competencies by Saudi managers who had gained their business diploma in the United States. Yavas (1998) emphasizes several

Bluechester City Council v Doncaster Wagons Ltd Case Study

Bluechester City Council v Doncaster Wagons Ltd - Case Study Example If any building or a fence is erected or any construction is done, it cannot be lawful without the consent of the minister. They will order inquiries as are directed by the commons act 1876. The county courts are entitled to convict the person or the organisation that constructed the fence or any erection has been done. The order mentioned above is subjected to appeal in the higher court according to section thirty of commons act, 1876. These are the conditions that apply to the land which is declared common before the possession of it was given to a person, lord, manor or to an organisation for any purpose of public or private interest. In such conditions the parking of vehicles, erection of cabin, construction of fence by Doncaster wagons can be considered illegal and can be complained to the country court or any relevant government agency. The problem lying here is that the Blue Chester city council did not take any legal action the 12 years of duration. Now the legal question ari ses that after this much term of negligence towards occupation does the Bluechester city council do have any legal right to take action on Doncaster Wagons ltd. (Swarb.co.uk, 2007) There is every chance for the risk of Doncaster acquiring the possession rights as the title to the land is not registered. According to part 9 of the land registration act 1980, after twelve years of adverse possession of the land, which have no title registered, the occupant can acquire possessory title. The limitation act 1980 s15(1) will provide no action to recover the land after the expiration of the limitation period of twelve years under adverse possession. According to this act the expiration of the limitation period will remove the right of the true owner of the land to recover it. The person who possessed the land for 12 years will get the right to get the title superior to all others according to Buckingham shire council v Moran (1990) Ch 623, 635, CA. The period of the possession will be counted from the commencement of adverse possession and that requires a degree of occupation or physical control. This can be coupled with the intention to posses the land without the p aper owner according to JA pye (oxford) Ltd v Graham (2002) UKHL 30 (2003) 1 AC 419. The occupation by the Doncaster Wagon Ltd can be termed as seized if the company gives written acknowledgement to the true owners title. Here in this case as the true owner; Bluechester city council have no title registered, there is no chance of that issue according to the 1980 law. The period of the possession of the land can be calculated from the day of the true owner grants a tenancy or licence to the occupier. In this case this did not happen and in the time being the Bluechester city council made number of objections to Doncaster wagons Ltd to vacate it and because they are trespassing. As there is no mention of the Doncaster Wagons Ltd did pay any taxes regarding the land they adversely possess, the right of the ownership that can be claimed after the 12 years of limitation period is at stake. This option will keep alive the hopes of the Bluechester city council to get the re possession of t h

Evaluate Is Acceptance Model Essay Example for Free

Evaluate Is Acceptance Model Essay There are many models have been developed to understand the factors affecting the acceptance of computer technology such as Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Fishbein Ajzen, 1975, Ajzen Fishbein, 1980), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) (Ajzen, 1985, 1991), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, 1989), Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) (Taylor Todd, 1995), and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) (Venkatesh et al., 2003). TRA proposes that individual beliefs influence attitudes which will create intentions that will generate behavior. There are two major factors that determine behavioral intentions which are the person’s attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms. Attitude toward the behavior refers to the person’s judgment that performing the behavior is good or bad according to his or her belief. While the subjective norms are a function of normative beliefs that reflect the person’s perception of social pressures put on him or her to perform or not to perform the behavior in question. TRA model TPB is an expansion of the TRA. TPB includes the construct, perceived behavioral control to measure and account for the extent to which users have complete controls over their behavior. Perceived behavioral control relates to the extent to which the person believes that she or he has control over personal or external factors that may facilitate or constrain the behavioral performance. TPB model TAM pioneered by Davis advances the TRA by postulating that perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) are key determinants that lead to the actual usage of a particular technology or system. Perceived usefulness is the degree to which an individual believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her productivity while perceived ease of use is the degree an individual believes that using a particular system would be free of effort. TAM model DTPB was formulated through combination of both TAM and TPB, which was intended for providing better understanding of behavioral intention by concentrating on the factors that are likely to impact systems use. This model explores dimensions of subjective norms and perceived behavior control through decomposing them into particular belief perception whilst constructs from the innovation characteristics has also been regarded as the basis of DTPM formulation. DTPB also offer a clearer understanding of behavior and behavioral intention by giving detailed information about impacts of normative and control beliefs over system usage. DTPM model UTAUT had synthesized the eight prominent user acceptance models including the TRA, TAM, the motivational model (MM), TPB, a model combining the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior (C-TAM-TPB), the model of PC utilization (MPCU) (Ronald et al., 1994; Thompson Higgins, 1991), the innovation diffusion theory, and the social cognitive theory (SCT) (Compeau et al., 1999 and Compeau Higgins, 1995). This model was formulated with four core determinants of intention and usage including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence and facilitating conditions and also with up to four moderators of key counting gender, experience, age and voluntariness of use. However, the authors argue that in order to strengthen this model, the culture also need to take consideration since different culture can affect the acceptance behavior among user towards the computer technology. UTAUT model There are more theories that had been developed and many variables had used to evaluate the IS/IT acceptance rate. For example, the interactive model of technology acceptance and satisfaction (IMTAS) which integrate the user satisfaction with and user acceptance of IT. This model expands user satisfaction and user acceptance into SME sector simultaneously as two basic constructs of system usage behavior (as the key measure of IT success) while addresses specific characteristics of SMEs such as resource constraints, management method and direct interaction of SME users with external environments. Base on this model, user satisfaction can be influenced by user involvement, system quality, and information quality. High quality of information and system enable the user to produce good decision making, hence, increase the user satisfaction. However, user involvement is the key determinant of user satisfaction since high user involvement allow the user  involve in major area of the system which this give the user opportunity to enjoy most of the benefits of the system. User satisfaction will increase the usage of the system and the usage will be even higher if the system has high user friendliness. Another key determinant that influence the system usage in SMEs is user computer competence. User computer competence can be enhance through providing training by assuming that assistance of SMEs’ external environment have a crucial impact on the success of newly implemented IS by increasing SME user acceptance and satisfaction since SMEs are typically suffering from lack of resources such as internal expertise, knowledge and user skills. The training can influence the perceived ease of use and perceived of usefulness among user, hence, influence the user attitude and intention which than influence the actual usage of a system in SMEs.

Essay for Shakespeares Sonnet 73 -- essays research papers

Anthony Tseng Gloomy, dejected, depressed: These are the emotional elements that William Shakespeare implemented into the speaker of Sonnet 73. An understanding that time doesn’t last forever and we all will age with the current of time. Thus he has accepted his fate, but wants us the readers to feel what he feels and see what he sees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each year more time passes by. Each year we age a little more. A year also dies out, and then comes a new year. An endless cycle of life and death. Represented each year by trees with yellow leaves. This is how the speaker has aged. Aged so much that â€Å"few do hang.† Those leaves are the very strands of life a person has in this world. It’s why people hold so dearly to the people they love, so they won’t lose them. But there’s always the last fork in the road, and that is death. No matter how strong a person is or determined, death will bring one’s downfall. He will be shaken to death by the strong cold wind. How cold it is to die old while the person you love is young. How he must die before someone he loves. It's a feeling of hopelessness, but a feeling that is dispelled by the â€Å"sweet birds† songs. Songs sang by his lover. Conversations that bring the essence of life back into him. What more can one have, than fo r a person that cares.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Without friends and family, solitude will blow the â€Å"dim light,† final gasp for life. Just like the sun setting in the west, an end to the term of life....

Competitor analysis Essay

IKEA is an internationally known home furnishing retailer. It has grown fast since it was founded in 1943. Today it is the world’s largest furniture retailer, recognized for its Scandinavian style and the low priced high quality furniture items. Most of IKEA’S furniture is flat-pack. This allows a reduction in costs and packaging. IKEA has around 9500 products, including home furniture and accessories. The products are available in all IKEA stores and customers can order them as well online through IKEA’S website. There are about 140 IKEA stores in the world in 30 different countries. IKEA stores include restaurants and cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s serving typical Swedish food. They also have small food shops selling Swedish groceries, everything from the famous meatballs to jam. 2. Analysis of current situation Current mission: IKEA’S mission is to offer a wide range of home furnishing items of good design and function, excellent quality and durability, at prices so low that the majority of people can afford to buy them. They aim to attract customers who are looking for quality products at reasonable prices, but who are willing to assemble their furniture themselves and participate in a self-service culture. The typical target customers are young families with a low to middle low income. – Goals: Their recent goals is that all new stores will be built to a certified green building standard and sell more organic goods. And to encourage their customers to travel with public transport to visit their store. They want to be more recognized as an eco-friendly business. Strategies: The basis of IKEA’S strategy is a mixture of innovate their own modular designs, mass produced components and a dedicated supplier network all geared towards serving price conscious customers while still maintaining a to high standard of goods and workmanship. They design their own furniture and it’s a self-service, that is a big part of their strategy. They also have a lot of facilities to offer. For instance they offer paper and pencils, computers so you can look certain things up, they have a playground for children and a restaurant with delicious and payable food. Since IKEA was founded it always had concern for people and the environment. The IKEA vision is â€Å"to create a better everyday life for many people†. IKEA’S concern for people and the environment encourages it to make better use of both raw materials and energy. This keeps costs down and helps the company to reach its green targets and have an overall positive impact on the environment. 4 3. Internal environment -Strengths: Strengths could include a company’s specialist marketing expertise or its location. They are any aspect of the business that adds value to its product or service. IKEA’S strengths include: It’s a worldwide brand which attracts a lot of consumer groups, they also offer the same quality and range in their stores. its vision ‘to create a better everyday life for many people’ A strong concept based on offering a wide range of well designed, functional product at low prices. A positive Human Resource Management approach towards its staff, which leads to a positive attitude among the staff and increased performance for the company. This makes the staff happy with their jobs. The staff has an equal treatment, no matter which background they have. This makes them adapt to the consumers in different countries en within different cultures. They adapt quickly to change. They use the latest technology such as IKEA IT (information technology), this provides IKEA with all its system requirements such as common business solutions, architecture, infrastructure, service and support. Such as KPI (Key performance indicators) it helps IKEA to measure the progress of its vision and long-term goals by setting targets and monitoring progress towards it. Environmentally friendly policy. Volume commitments IKEA believes in creating long-term partnerships with its suppliers in order to achieve this. By committing to buying large volumes over a number of years IKEA can negotiate lower prices. This also benefits the suppliers because they enjoy the greater security of having guaranteed orders. Economies of scale for instance, bulk buying at cheaper unit costs. Good marketing. Weaknesses: IKEA has to acknowledge its weaknesses in order to improve and manage them. This can play a key role in helping it to set objectives and develop new strategies. The size and scale of its world wide business. This could makes it difficult to control all the stores, the staff and the standards. The need for low cost products. This needs to be balanced against producing good quality. That is hard to do, sometimes they do have low quality. IKEA also needs to be different from competitors. IKEA needs to keep good communication with its consumers and other stakeholders about its environmental activities. The scale of the business makes this a difficult task. 5 4. External environment: – Opportunities: A business uses its strengths to take advantage of the opportunities. a growing demand for greener products a growing demand for low priced products. Low economy makes low priced furniture even more appealing. demand for reduced water usage and lower carbon footprints – Threats Porter’s 5 forces model: 6 ââ€"  Threat of buyers growing bargaining power: – there is a little power because of the existing low price options. – IKEA ensure that their customers in all aspects will be satisfied for quality service they provide – Focused their marketing approach on demands and needs of the buyer. – IKEA uses their corporate responsibility as a good public image to their customers. – IKEA family card as a membership. ââ€" Threat of suppliers growing bargaining power: – Because of the low-pricing, IKEA’s profit margin also affects the prices in raw materials than by prices in labour. – IKEA has a wide network of 1300 suppliers. They carefully select the manufacturer of its products. The company has own production factories and designers which makes it less dependent on others. – Bargaining power of supplier could be threat for the profit of the company. ââ€" Threat of substitute products or services: – There is no specific product that can be a substitute for the furniture but IKEA at least, have to keep up with the latest trends, to avoid becoming out of style. – Problems faced due to distribution channels. ââ€" Rivalry among existing firms: – The IKEA’s furniture competitors’ offers different styles and functionality – IKEA is the most successful in delivering the complete package for the customers that reflect in weak rivalries. – There will always be substitutes for furniture’s but IKEA competes with price and there isn’t competitors in the same price range. ââ€" Threat of new Entrants: – IKEA stores do not reach many small towns and this is an opportunity for the new competitors to move into small and midsize cities with smaller stores and less selection. But not easier in city because new entrants have to establish a vast supply chain and create an unique brand name. – The furniture market is already highly competitive, the risk of new entrants is not extremely high. 7 5. Conclusion. IKEA is a well-known global brand with hundreds of stores across the world. In order to improve performance, it must assess its external and competitive environment. This will reveal the key opportunities it can take advantage of and the threats it must deal with. IKEA responds to both internal and external issues in a proactive and dynamic manner by using its strengths and reducing its weaknesses. Through this, IKEA is able to generate the strong growth it needs to retain a strong identity in the market. 6. SWOT-analysis Internal Environment SWOT Analysis External Environment Strength Opportunities ââ€" ¦Adapt quickly ââ€" ¦Worldwide brand ââ€" ¦ Low price – high quality ââ€" ¦ Positive Human Resource Management ââ€" ¦ Environmentally friendly policy ââ€" ¦ Good marketing ââ€" ¦ A growing demand for greener products ââ€" ¦ A growing demand for low priced products. ââ€" ¦Low economy makes low priced furniture even more appealing. ââ€" ¦ Demand for reduced water usage and lower carbon footprints Weaknesses Threats ââ€" ¦ Low communication of environmental activities ââ€" ¦ The size of their worldwide business ââ€" ¦ The need for low cost products ââ€" ¦ The IKEA’s furniture competitors ââ€" ¦ New trends ââ€" ¦ IKEA family card ââ€" ¦ Bargaining power of supplier 8 Foreword This assessment is about the company IKEA. I will discuss several issues including an introduction of the company, an analysis of the current situation within the internal (Strengths and Weaknesses) and external environment (Opportunities and threats) . The treats are described in Porter’s 5 forces model. The answers of my research can be found in the conclusion and SWOT analysis. 3 Index: Page numbers 1. Introduction4 2. Analysis of current situation4 3. Internal environment5 4. External Environment6,7 5. Conclusion8 6. Swot-Analyses8 7. Bibliography9 2 7. Bibliography ââ€" Continuing Case by Alan Hogarth ââ€"  http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/swot-analysis-and-sustainable-business-planning/swot-analysis.html#axzz2eJ2NvcnR ââ€"  http://www.slideshare.net/FenellaAndrade/ikea-9167089 ââ€"  http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/swot-analysis.html ââ€"  http://research-methodology.net/porters-five-forces-analysis/ 9 IKEA

Future events Essay

Richard here talks of a forthcoming golden era full of glory and hope. Whilst speaking in public, Richard uses this opportunity to defend him from being accused in future events. By praising the running of the country nobody would suspect him of becoming a family murderer. Again, in private Richard reveals his true feelings and again reveals to the audience future plots.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am determined to prove a villain and hate the idle pleasures of these days. Plots I have laid, inductions dangerous.† (Act 1 scene 1.Lines 30 +32) When speaking concealed away from the public, Richard provides insight into future events. Although it may appear that the war is over the royal family is about to confront another battle in the eyes of Richard. It is through what is said in private that Richard sheds light on future plots and events and to an extent he draws a relationship with the audience because of this.  The final area in which I will explore appearance and reality will be through the manipulation of religion. Richard of Gloucester is not the only character in the play to use appearance and reality as his two â€Å"partners in crime† prove. Catesby and Buckingham use religion as a weapon of disguising for Richards true personality and intentions. † He is within, with two right reverend fathers, divinely bent to meditation †¦.. To draw him from his holy exercise.† (Act 3 scene 7.Line 60 + 61)  Buckingham endeavors to make Richard appear holy and innocent by portraying him as a devout, holy and religious man. By this point in the play we know that Richard’s life is not based on serving god but rather serving his own desires. His allies continue to do their utmost to mask his evil traits in front of the politicians.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"This prince is not an Edward. He is not lulling on a lewd love-bed, but on his knees at meditation.†(Act 3 scene 7.Line 70-71) Again, religion is manipulated to give a false identification of Richard. Their aim is to get Richard to become king and attain ruler ship thinking that they may get something in return. Buckingham’s language reveals that he; Catesby and Richard are play acting.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Two props of virtue for a Christian prince †¦.. and see a book of prayer in his hand.† (Act 3 scene 7.Line 95+96)  Buckingham makes it apparent that this is a play within a play and uses the church and the word of god as a prop to make Richard look convincing on stage. Richard also does his part in covering up his true personality. â€Å"I do beseech your grace to pardon me, who, earnest in the service of my god.† (Line 104-105)  Richard once again stresses how devoted he is to god when really he is only devoted to getting himself raised to a godly figure in the form of king. Shakespeare reveals yet another plane to Richard’s ever- changing character through the manipulation of religion as we not only see a deceitful interpretator, a cold-blooded murderer but also a manipulative man. He has no regard for family, women or even god and this manifests the extent that he is willing to go to get what he wants. Shakespeare provides us with another peek into future events through the manipulation of Richard. â€Å"Come, let us to our holy work again.†(Act 3 scene 7.Line 245)  This â€Å"holy† work will in fact not be holy but will rather entail unholy and irreligious dealings. The work will contain further plotting and this braces the audience for further manipulation. This device measures the extent to which Richard will go to change his character. It also reveals that Richard isn’t the only character that utilizes appearance and reality in the play and this reflects the amount of manipulation contained within the play. Appearance and reality is a device that Shakespeare cleverly uses to keep the character Richard of Gloucester running throughout the play. It revitalizes his character and interest in him is always stimulated because of this. To an extent, Richard uses appearance and reality as a stepping stool for further dealings in the future. Richard, the anti-hero, uses his physical appearance as a driving force for evil traits and deceive4s others into thinking that it makes him weaker. His contrasting treatment of women perfectly illustrates how well he can adjust roles when required. He is the master of deception as his opening soliloquy proves. It is what is said in private that reveals to the audience what Richard’s true intentions are and it is what is said in public that reflect lies. Shakespeare makes this link early on so that Richards changing won’t fool the audience. Shakespeare mirrors appearance and reality through the manipulation of religion to show the extent that Richard will go to obtain what he requires. Appearance and reality is important because it shows that Richard is a character of dual interpretations and Shakespeare makes sure Richard uses it continually so that his character continues to fuel interest for the audience. Appearance and reality is a vital tool in the play as it not only plays a huge part in shaping events in the play but it also reveals future events that are to take place.

Disposing Nuclear Waste in Ocean Trenches

Disposing Nuclear Waste in Ocean Trenches It seems to be a perennial suggestion: lets put our most hazardous wastes into the deepest sea trenches. There, they will be drawn down into the Earths mantle well away from children and other living things. Usually, people are referring to high-level nuclear waste, which can be dangerous for thousands of years. This is why the design for the proposed waste facility at Yucca Mountain, in Nevada, is so incredibly stringent. The concept is relatively sound. Just put your barrels of waste in a trench - well dig a hole first, just to be tidy about it - and down they inexorably go, never to bring harm to humanity again. At 1600 degrees Fahrenheit, the upper mantle isnt hot enough to alter the uranium and make it nonradioactive. In fact, its not even hot enough to melt the zirconium coating that surrounds the uranium. But the purpose isnt to destroy the uranium, its to use plate tectonics to take the uranium hundreds of kilometers into the Earths depths where it can naturally decay.   Its an interesting idea, but is it plausible?   Ocean Trenches and Subduction Deep-sea trenches are areas where one plate dives beneath another (the process of subduction) to be swallowed up by the Earths hot mantle. The descending plates extend down hundreds of kilometers where they are not the least bit of a threat. It isnt completely clear whether the plates disappear by being thoroughly mixed with mantle rocks. They may persist there and become recycled through the plate-tectonic mill, but that wouldnt happen for many millions of years.   A geologist might point out that subduction is not really secure. At relatively shallow levels, subducting plates become chemically altered, releasing a slurry of serpentine minerals that eventually erupt in large mud volcanoes on the seafloor. Imagine those spewing plutonium into the sea! Fortunately, by that time, the plutonium would have long since decayed away. Why It Wont Work Even the fastest subduction is very slow - geologically slow. The fastest-subducting location in the world today is the Peru-Chile Trench, running along the west side of South America. There, the Nazca plate is plunging beneath the South America plate at around 7-8 centimeters (or approximately 3 inches) per year. It goes down at about a 30-degree angle. So if we put a barrel of nuclear waste in the Peru-Chile Trench (never mind that its in Chilean national waters), in a hundred years it will move 8 meters - as far away as your next-door neighbor. Not exactly an efficient means of transport.   High-level uranium decays to its normal, pre-mined radioactive state within  1,000-10,000 years.  In 10,000 years, those waste barrels would have moved, at maximum, just .8 kilometers (half a mile). They would also lie only a few hundred meters deep - remember that every other subduction zone is slower than this. After all of that time, they could still be easily dug up by whatever future civilization cares to retrieve them. After all, have we left the Pyramids alone? Even if future generations left the waste alone, the seawater and seafloor life would not, and the odds are good that the barrels would corrode and be breached. Ignoring geology, lets consider the logistics of containing, transporting and disposing of thousands of barrels each year. Multiply the amount of waste (which will surely grow) by the odds of shipwreck, human accidents, piracy and people cutting corners. Then estimate the costs of doing everything right, every time. A few decades ago, when the space program was new, people often speculated that we could launch nuclear waste into space, maybe into the sun. After a few rocket explosions, nobody says that any more: the cosmic incineration model is infeasible. The tectonic burial model, unfortunately, isnt any better. Edited by Brooks Mitchell

Timber Harvesting Methods That Encourage Forest Regeneration

Timber Harvesting Methods That Encourage Forest Regeneration A major portion of the practice of forestry silvicultural systems is timber harvesting methods designed to ensure successful and succeeding forest stands for the future. Without the application of these methods of reforestation, there would only be random tree stocking of both preferred and non-preferred species leading to major shortages of wood and trees demanded by the consumer. Nature, when left alone, uses its time-consuming natural process of reforestation and is appropriate in many situations. On the other hand, foresters may need to manage for a forests best use when forest owners and managers need reliable income and other necessities in an appropriate time frame. Many of the accepted forest regeneration concepts were first introduced to North America by German forestry professors during the late 19th Century. Germany had practiced these forest reproduction schemes for centuries and one of the earliest books on the subject was written by German forestry pioneer Heinrich Cotta during the late 17th century. These western European educated foresters were first to define the profession of forestry and became overseers of the training of foresters who managed large forest tracts owned by kings, aristocrats, and the ruling classes. These imported tree reproduction systems have continually evolved and developed into what are now used today. They are separated into classifications and used throughout the world where the practice of forestry and forest management is necessary to encourage sustainable forests. These classifications are conducted in logical sequence and the steps lead to healthy, well-stocked forests for future generations. The Classification of Tree Reproduction Methods Although there are innumerable combinations, for simplification we will list the six general reproduction methods listed by silviculturist D.M. Smith in his book, The Practice of Silviculture. Smiths book has been studied by foresters for decades and used as a proven, practical and widely accepted guide at the point where a timber harvest is necessary and where natural or artificial regeneration is the desired replacement. These methods have traditionally been called high-forest methods which produce stands originating from a remaining natural (using a high or aerial) seed source. The clear-cutting method is one exception where artificial planting, vegetative regeneration or seeding is necessary when the cut area limits complete reproductive tree seeding. Methods to Use When Even-Aged Management Is Preferred The Clearcutting Method - When cutting all trees and removing the entire stand that lays bare the ground, you have a clearcut. A clearing of all trees should be considered when residual trees are starting to lose economic value, when biologic over maturity leads to decadent stands, when the purity of a stand is compromised by cull and lower value trees, when the coppice method of regeneration is used (see below) or when disease and insect invasions threaten the loss of a stand. Clearcuts can be regenerated either by natural or by artificial means. To use a natural regeneration method means you must have an available seed source of a desired species in the area and a site/soil condition advantageous to seed germination. If and when these natural conditions are not available, artificial regeneration via nursery seedling plantings or prepared seed dispersal must be used. The Seed-tree Method - This method is simply what it suggests. Upon removing most of the mature timber, a small number of seed trees are left singly or in small groups to establish the next even-aged forest. In effect, you are not dependent on trees outside the cutting area but must be concerned about the trees you do leave as the seed source. The leave trees should be healthy and able to survive high winds, produce viable seeds prolifically and enough trees should be left to do the job. The Shelterwood Method - A shelterwood condition is left when a stand has had a series of cuttings over the period between establishment and harvest, often called the rotation period. These harvests and thinnings occur over a relatively short portion of the rotation by which the establishment of even-aged reproduction is encouraged under a partial shelter of seed trees. There are two objectives of a shelterwood cut - making ground space available by cutting trees of lowering value and using trees increasing in value as a seed source and for seedling protection as these trees continue to financially mature. You are maintaining the best trees to grow while cutting trees with a lower value for new understory seedling space. Obviously, this is not a good method where there will be only intolerant (light-loving tree species) tree seeds available to regenerate. The sequence of this particular method should be ordered by first making a preparatory cutting which prepares and stimulates seed trees for reproduction, then a seed tree cutting to further open vacant growing space for seeding; then a removal cutting which frees the established seedlings. Methods to Use When Uneven-Aged Management Is Preferred The Selection Method - The selection harvest method is the removal of mature timber, usually the oldest or largest trees, either as single scattered individuals or in small groups. Under this concept, the removal of these trees should never allow a stand to revert back to an even-age. Theoretically, this style of cutting can be repeated indefinitely with adequate wood harvest volumes. This selection method has the widest variety of interpretations of any cutting method. Many conflicting objectives (timber management, watershed and wildlife enhancement, recreation) must be considered and managed differently under this scheme. Foresters know they are getting it right when at least three well-defined age classes are maintained. Age classes are groups of similar aged trees ranging from sapling-sized trees to intermediate sized trees to trees approaching harvest. The Coppice-forest or Sprout Method -Â  The coppice method produces tree stands that originate mostly from vegetative regeneration. It can also be described as low forest regeneration in the form of sprouts or layered branches as opposed to the above examples of high forest seed regeneration. Many hardwood tree species and only a very few coniferous trees have the ability to sprout from roots and stumps. This method is limited to these woody plant types. Sprouting tree species respond immediately when cut and sprout with exceptional vigor and growth. They outpace seedling growth by far, especially when cutting is made during the dormant period but may suffer from frost damage if cut during the late growing season. A clear-cut is often the best cutting method.

McDonald competitive strategy and position in the fast food industry Essay

McDonald competitive strategy and position in the fast food industry market - Essay Example This essay explores that makes MacDonald stand out is that it has a strong brand name and is among the nine world popular brand names in the fast food commerce. The brand names has been popularized by consistent promotion strategies and promoting superior personal relations. One of the inimitable attributes of McDonald is that it offers uniform products in all its branches. This includes, chicken, soft drinks and hard drinks. Over the previous few eons, a range of new products has been introduced to provide customers with a wide range of products to choose from increasing the number of sales compared to in earlier years. However, notwithstanding the upsurge in the quantity of foodstuffs offered, McDonald has promoted uniformity of the standard of services offered in its various branches. Competition in this industry is exceptionally stiff. McDonald has tried to stay top in the market by using extremely expensive promotional strategy a move which has narrowed its revenue. However, the corporation has shifted its focus from promotion to exploring other ways of promoting its market share. It is trying to set itself separate by increasing the items in its menu and also coming up with innovations. Its competitors have also employed the same strategies. However, these companies compete differently. This is because they are structured differently and as such the choices made should suit the structure of each in individual company. This paper focuses on how the organization of each separate company influences the decision making and on the type of competitive strategy adopted. McDonald chief competitive factors McDonald is faced by the challenge of operating in a saturated market. This makes it difficult to open up fresh outlets. The market grow prospects are very low about 2% annually. It also has numerous competitors who offer competitive prices making increase of product prices not to be a viable option of increasing source of revenue. It has, however, tried to over come this by adopting a diversifying approach instead of a value approach. The corporation has shown low innovativeness with its last new product being the chicken nugget introduced in the year 1983. However, it has compensated for this lack of innovativeness by introducing new salads. The following are the most important competitive factors of McDonald: Uniformity of standards and services in various locations Despite the fact that McDonald offers an array of products, it has guaranteed its customers consistency in the standards of services offered. The consistency is evident in all the outlets founded in the U.S.A and in the global markets (Cateora & Graham 2007, 68). The company is very selective in forming affiliated ventures and franchises: it only affiliates itself to companies that meet its standards. Furthermore, testing of new products is done within a limited promotion time. Establishment of branches addressing different market needs. In addition to its restaurants, McDona ld has also launched other branches addressing various market segments. This includes the fresh Mex-grill and Chipotle Mexican Grill in America which offers tacos and gourmet burritos. In the UK, It has a coffee chain serving pastries and sandwiches called the Aroma Cafe. This has made it conceivable for the establishment to access a larger market compared to its rivals who are limited. Large size The corporation has a very strong global impact with its closest contenders being only half its size. It has shown a hint in both the indigenous and international markets. As such, it enjoys reduction of cost via economies of scale brought about by its large size. Its large size also the fact that it has branches in few nations

Story Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Story Analysis - Essay Example In Araby, this corruptible nature of women is also depicted. The narrator, a young boy, believes that in order to get the attention and love of Mangan’s sister, he needs to buy her gifts. In addition, the stories show that women are servants of the men. For instance in The Dead, the story opens b showing that Lily helped the men remove their coats. The two stories also depict women as symbols or figures of love and beauty. This is one aspect used by women to control men. In The Dead, Gabriel is attracted to Lily’s beauty, and this forces him to ask her about her love life. In addition, during the dance, Gabriel is attracted o his former love, Gretta. In both cases, the author shows that women can gain some form of control or influence in men through their beauty. In Araby, the narrator is attracted to Mangan’s sister to the extent that these feelings take control of him. For instance, he says that the image of Mangan’s sister accompanies him to places most hostile to romance and her name sprang to his lips during times of prayers and praises. He literally followed her every morning to

The business activities of Wal-Mart and Tfl Essay Example for Free

The business activities of Wal-Mart and Tfl Essay For this assignment, I will be describing how political, legal and social factors are impacting upon the business activities of Wal-Mart and Tfl. For businesses, this is important because they need to know how these change such as political decisions made by the government or changes to the law or changes that take place in society over time is going to affect their business. Political Factors Political factors is an external environment in which a business functions. This is a type of external constraint for a business and are related to actions of governments. This factors can affect how the business operates. Political factors include politicians, who make important decisions. These can be done at national level at the UK parliament. This is because the UK is a representative democracy, who has a member of parliament that are elected. There are political parties who with the most Members of Parliament run the country. This party is led by the Prime Minister who appoints the Cabinet of Ministers in charge of key areas of the government. Political stability is the durability and integrity of a current government regime. This is determined based on the amount of violence and terrorism expressed in the nation and by citizens associated with the state. A stable society is one that is satisfied with the ruling party and system of operations and is not interested in revolutionary or despotic ideas. For businesses, they hate instability. Businesses operates according to forecasts and scenarios about the future so instability is not what they want. Political stability is important for Wal-Mart because the society is satisfied so that this provides a platform for Wal-Mart to sell their goods. However if the is political instability in the UK, it affects the decision making process and their profits. This is because the confidence in the economy will go down and customers will be less likely to spend. For Tfl, political stability is important because as the organisation budget is paid by the government, if there is instability the money flow will get disrupted. Also when political instability happens there is usually conflict and as Tfl provides a transport service, there could be damage. However in the UK there is a stable political system, so this is the environment for the business to grow  and expand. Another political factors which affect a business is the fiscal policy of t he business. Fiscal policy is the means by which a government adjusts its spending levels and tax rates to monitor and influence a nations economy. It is the sister strategy to monetary policy through which a central bank influences a nations money supply. These two policies are used in various combinations to direct a countrys economic goals. Fiscal policy works by increasing or decreasing tax levels and public spending to maintain the health of the economy. Fiscal policy affects Wal-Mart because by changing the amount of disposable income people have to spend. This can affect the consumer demand. This happens by higher taxes. If taxes are higher than customers will have less money to spend and this will affect the profits of Wal-Mart as less people have money to spend. For Tfl, the fiscal policy will affect the business because as Tfl is a publicly funded, if there is a cut in taxes this will lead to less money for the government. To balance the books, the government will have to cut spending. This directly affects Tfl because their budget will be cut. Another political factor which affects a business is the membership of inte rnational trading organisations. For the UK, they are part of the EU or European Union. The European Union, or EU, is known formally as the European Economic and Monetary Union. It establishes a common market among its 28 member countries. This means that all border controls between members have been eliminated, allowing the free flow of goods and people. The EU common market also means that any product legally manufactured in one member state can be sold in any other member, without tariffs or duties. Taxes have been standardized. Practitioners of most services can operate in all member countries. The cost of airfares, the internet and phone calls have fallen dramatically. By being the EU it affects Wal-Mart because as Wal-Mart is an international company it is easier to operate in the EU because the regulations are same and taxes are similar. Also the EU sets regional policies, so if a country in the EU is struggling and need help the EU will help. This affects Wal-Mart because their investment will be safer because the EU will not let the country collapse. For Tfl, being in the EU helps because as Tfl provides a transport service it needs to import the go ods to improve the infrastructure of the London and being in the EU it is easier and with less paperwork to get the goods. Another political factor which  affects a business is the enhancing of the skills of the working population. This means the education of the youngster of the UK, the training of the working population and research. The government can affect this by the spending it does on the education system and apprenticeships. This affects Wal-Mart because as the UK economy recovery there is an increase in the demand of skilled workers. Wal-Mart needs skill workers for the finance, Management and etc. so with the skilled workers the business can expand. For Tfl, it needs skilled worker because as Tfl provides a transport service it needs engineers how there is a shortage as 88% of employers report not being able to find qualified engineers. Also as Tfl is a publicly funded organisation is has a set budget for employees so the business is at a disadvantage because it cannot pay the same as private businesses. So this is why the enhancing of skilled workers is important for businesses. Finally, another political factor which affects businesses is the government support for different types of organisations. For private businesses, the government gives tax credit to businesses for employing more people or expanding their business. This affects Wal-Mart because this provides a goal because if the grow they will get awarded. Also if Wal-Mart expand they will get bigger profits and with the tax credit, it is easier to grow. For publicly owned companies, the government supports them by paying for part of their budget and the public businesses don’t pay taxes. This affects Tfl because the company doesn’t have to worry about taxes cutting into their profits and as the government pay for their budget, there is less worry about paying for everything. So these are five political factors which affect Wal-Mart and Tfl. Legal Factors Legal factors are things and laws that the government or higher authorities pass that would have an effect on how business are run. Businesses must operate within the framework of the law. However if the business fails to follow the law then it can lead to fines and even imprisonment of directors. Therefore, businesses give high priority to make sure they comply with the law. There are three main types of laws business follow: Company law – Tow businesses are set up and run Contract law – The contract that businesses make with employees, consumers,  suppliers and so on Competition law How businesses deal with employees, consumers, suppliers, and so on, and how businesses are allowed to compete with each other. Company law Company law is providing a framework for businesses. Company law is the field of law concerning companies and other business organizations. This includes corporations, partnerships and other associations which usually carry on some form of economic or charitable activity. One example of a company law is the Companies Act 2006. This is an Act which was passed by the Parliament of the UK. The act provides a rule book for the companies in the UK. This act is an improvement on the Companies Act 1985 because it now it is: To enhance shareholder engagement and a long term investment culture; To ensure better regulation and a Think Small First approach; To make it easier to set up and run a company; and To provide flexibility for the future The key parts of the act is: The Act codifies certain existing†¯common law†¯principles, such as those relating to†¯directors duties. It implements the†¯European Unions†¯Takeover†¯and Transparency Obligations†¯Directives. It introduces various new provisions for†¯private†¯and†¯public companies. It applies a single company law regime across the United Kingdom, replacing the two separate (if identical) systems for Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It otherwise amends or restates almost all of the Companies Act 1985 to varying degrees.[2] This affects Wal-Mart because as Wal-Mart has a board of directors, this act states that there must be one person as a director and there cannot be one sole director and the minimum age of the director must be 16 years old. This affects Wal-Mart because it needs to employ more individuals to help run the business and this will affect the profits of the business. For Tfl, this act affects the business because as a part states that accounts must be submitted within 9 months of the year end and this is a change from within 10 months. This affects Tfl because now it needs to spend money reorganising the structure of the business so that it can submit  the account on time. Furthermore, a failure to do some will lead to a fine. Contract law Contract law is the protection of consumers and employees. This is a body of law that governs verbal or written agreements relating to exchanges of goods and services, money, and properties. Businesses form contract with many different individual, groups and bodies outside the business. This include: Lenders Employees Consumers Suppliers of stock Suppliers of equipment Sellers of land and building For contract law there is two main types. These are contracts with consumers, and contract with employees. However I will be doing contracts with employees. The legislation I will discuss is employment law. Employment law is the legal relationship between the worker and employer. A key component of employment law is the creation of a contract. A contract of employment should include details such as names of employer and employee, job title and job description, date employment starts, the place of work, the address of the employer, amount of pay and how it will be paid, hours of work, holiday pay entitlement and notice period required. The contract is legally binding and if the employer or employee breaks the law they can get sued. This affects Wal-Mart because a part of employment law is the minimum wage, which is currently at  £6.50 per hour for workers aged 21+. This is the lowest Wal-Mart can go in payment, this affect the choice of Wal-Mart because they cannot decide how much they want to pay but it is forced upon them. For Tfl, the employment law affect them because of parts such as the EU directive call the Working Time Directive. This set out that there should be a minimum rest period of 11 consecutive hours in every 24-hours period. So Tfl have to give their employees this, even if they are falling behind in work, they have to employ a new set of worker to catch up. Competition law Competition law is a set of rules that promotes or seeks to maintain market  competition by restricting anti-competitive practices by businesses. Also these are laws governing how businesses can compete with each other. For example law against restricting business practices to reduce competition such as two or one businesses agreeing to a set price. Also laws against monopolies and mergers to stop businesses from dominating a particular market. This affects Wal-Mart because this company is one of the largest in the world, so they can investigated by the UK’s Competition Commission because they don’t want Wal-Mart to be dominate. This affects Wal-Mart because it restrict them to the amount they could grow. For Tfl, the competition law affects them because as Tfl is in the tertiary sector of the economy, it offers contracts to supply them. This law states that Tfl must review all the bids to make it fair. This adds to the time and costs because it will take a longer period of time to process the bids and accept one. Social factors Social factors relate to changes in the behaviour, taste and lifestyle of communities on the local, national and international scale. Over time many changes take place in society which are relevant for business organisations, such as in: Demographic issues Households and families Education Attitudes to work Changes in structure of the society One social factor is the demographic issues. For the UK, they are experiencing population growth. Currently, the UK population is 64.1 million and it grow by 400,000 last year. This is 0.63% increase from the previous year. For businesses this can be a good thing because there will be an increase in demand. Also population growth also means economic growth. For Tfl, population grow has pros and cons. this is because with population grow will mean there is an increase on the amount of people who use the services. So Tfl will have to spend more money to reduce the strain on the service. This affects the profits of the business. However because of the increase in the population there is going to be an increase in revenue because it costs money to use the service. For Wal-Mart, population growth  is a good thing because more individuals will use their products. This will increase their profits. Another social factor is the changes in structure in the society. Social structure is the di stinctive, stable arrangement of institutions whereby human beings in a society interact and live together. Social structure is often treated together with the concept of social change, which deals with the forces that change the social structure and the organization of society. For businesses, one way the social structure changes is the ageing of the society. Currently, the UK population is ageing. For Tfl, this affects them because as the population ages, there will be less engineers and such to run the services or build it. For Wal-Mart this affects them because there will be less workers to run the business so Wal-Mart will have to spend more on employees to get the best. Another social factor is education. The average level of education in a society affects the interests and sophistication of consumers. For example, in a community in which a high percentage of potential customers have some form of post-secondary education, small-business owners might use more details and explanations while advertising and promoting products. For Tfl, this affect them because most of Tfls jobs are high skilled, so an educated society is important and required to expand. However they can get around it by getting employees around the world. For Wal-Mart it is not as important because they need less educated employees because most of their employees are cashiers and shop assistants. However they need mangers. The UK does have an educated society so the business need not worried. Another social factor for businesses is attitudes to work. This is the way society thinks, feels or behaves to work. For businesses, this is important because businesses need employees who are motivated so that they care about. For the UK, the attitude of work is good because this society is a individualistic. This means individuals care about themselves and how they are going to a success. For Tfl, this is important because they want employees to work hard but also care about the people who is going to use the service. This is going to improve the customer experience because if they don’t care than the service will not be the best it could be. For Wal-Mart, the attitudes of work is important because the more they care the better the busin ess is. This will affect the profits of the business because customers will like the business because employee will show passion.   Another social factor of the business is the attitudes to male and female roles in business. Gender roles are societys concepts of how men and women are expected to act, and are shaped by cultural norms. For the UK, male role and females are one of the most equal in the world. However in some jobs males get more money than females for doing the same job. This affects Tfl because if there is inequality than female will not become engineers and such, which leads to less engineers and Tfl will need to pay more for engineers. So this affects their profits. For Wal-Mart, the gender role affects them because there will be less workers because females will be discouraged to work. Also if females work this will boost the economy and more people will spend on their business.